Calcium hypochlorite 70%
is a highly concentrated, solid chlorine compound used for disinfecting, sanitizing, and bleaching. This refers to the concentration of “available chlorine,” which is the active disinfecting agent.
Key characteristics and uses
- Form: Typically sold as white to yellowish granules, powder, or tablets.
- Active agent: When dissolved in water, it releases hypochlorous acid (
HOClcap H cap O cap C l
𝐻𝑂𝐶𝑙
), which is a powerful sanitizer that kills bacteria, viruses, algae, and other microorganisms.
- High concentration: The high percentage of available chlorine (minimum 70%) makes it more potent than liquid sodium hypochlorite (household bleach), which usually contains 10–12% chlorine.
- Stability: As a solid, it is more stable and has a longer shelf life than liquid bleach, making it easier to transport and store.
- Oxidizing agent: It is a strong oxidizing agent.
Primary applications
- Swimming pools: An ideal product for both routine chlorination and shock treatments to sanitize the water and prevent algae growth.
- Drinking water treatment: Used to disinfect municipal and rural water supplies.
- Wastewater treatment: Used in municipal and industrial wastewater facilities to meet sanitation regulations.
- Sanitization and cleaning: Effective for disinfecting surfaces in hospitals, food processing facilities, and other public areas.
- Industrial processes: Applied as a bleaching agent for textiles and paper.
Safety precautions
Because of its high concentration and reactivity, calcium hypochlorite must be handled with care.
- Personal protective equipment (PPE): Always wear gloves, goggles, and a mask when handling it to avoid skin, eye, and respiratory irritation.
- Mixing: Never mix calcium hypochlorite with any other chemicals, especially acids or ammonia-based products, as this can cause violent reactions and release toxic gases.
- Storage: Store the product in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from heat, flames, and combustible materials.
- Dilution: When preparing a solution, always add the chemical to water, never the other way around

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